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Construct Validity and Experience of Using a Low-cost Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery Simulator
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Dau, Leonardo

; Almeida, Paula Adamo

; Kulcheski, Alynson Larocca

; Milcent, Paul Andre

; Stieven Filho, Edmar

Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia

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sep 2023, Volume 58 N. 5 Pages 790 - 797

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Objective To validate the low-cost model for arthroscopy training and analyze the acceptance and usefulness of the developed simulator in medical teaching and training. Method Ten medical students, ten third-year orthopedic residents, and ten shoulder surgeons performed predetermined tasks on a shoulder simulator twice. The parameters used were time to complete the tasks, number of looks at the hands, GOALS score (Global Operative Assessment of Laparoscopic Skills) and comparison between groups and within groups. An adapted Likert scale was applied addressing the individuals' impressions about the simulator and its applicability. Results In the intergroup comparison, the shoulder surgeons had better scores and times than the other groups. When the tasks were repeated, the group of surgeons had a 59% improvement in time (p < 0.05), as did the group of medical students. In the GOALS score, shoulder surgeons had consistently better scores than the other groups. And when we evaluated the evolution from the first to the second test, the group of surgeons and the group of academics had a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05). In terms of lookdowns, there was a decrease in all groups. There was consensus that the simulator is useful in training. Conclusion The simulator developed allowed the differentiation between individuals with different levels of training in arthroscopic surgery. It was accepted by 100% of the participants as a useful tool in arthroscopic shoulder surgical training.

Resumo Objetivo Validar o modelo de baixo custo para treinamento em artroscopia e analisar a aceitação e utilidade do simulador desenvolvido no ensino e treinamento médico. Método Dez acadêmicos do curso de medicina, dez residentes do terceiro ano em ortopedia e dez cirurgiões de ombro realizaram tarefas pré determinadas em um simulador de ombro duas vezes. Os parâmetros utilizados foram o tempo para completar as tarefas, quantidade de olhares para as mãos, escore de GOALS (Global Operative Assessment of Laparoscopic Skills) e comparados entre os grupos e intragrupos. Uma escala de Likert adaptada foi aplicada abordando as impressões dos indivíduos acerca do simulador e de sua aplicabilidade. Resultados Na comparação intergrupos, os cirurgiões de ombro tiveram melhores escores e tempos que os demais grupos. Quando as tarefas foram repetidas, o grupo de cirurgiões, teve uma melhora de 59% no tempo (p < 0,05), assim como no grupo de acadêmicos. No escore de GOALS os cirurgiões de ombro apresentaram escores consistentemente melhores que os demais grupos. E quando avaliamos a evolução do primeiro para o segundo teste, o grupo de cirurgiões e o grupo de acadêmicos tiveram melhora estatisticamente significante (p < 0,05). No quesito de lookdowns houve diminuição em todos os grupos. Houve consenso em que o simulador é útil no treinamento. Conclusão O simulador desenvolvido permitiu a diferenciação entre indivíduos com diferentes níveis de treinamento em cirurgia artroscópica. Foi aceito por 100% dos participantes como uma ferramenta útil no treinamento cirúrgico artroscópico do ombro.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771003

Effectiveness and safety of tocilizumab for COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
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Almeida, Paula Ribeiro Lopes

; Person, Osmar Clayton

; Puga, Maria Eduarda dos Santos

; Giusti, Maria Fernanda

; Pinto, Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes

; Rocha, Aline Pereira

; Atallah, Álvaro Nagib

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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apr 2023, Volume 141 N. 2 Pages 168 - 176

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Tocilizumab is an anti-human interleukin 6 receptor monoclonal antibody that has been used to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there is no consensus on its efficacy for the treatment of COVID-19. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of tocilizumab for treating COVID-19. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic Review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and IBECS for RCTs published up to March 2021. Two authors selected studies and assessed the risk of bias and the certainty of the evidence following Cochrane Recommendations. RESULTS: Eight RCTs with 6,139 participants were included. We were not able to find differences between using tocilizumab compared to standard care on mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (risk ratio (RR) 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84 to 1.13; 8 trials; 5,950 participants; low-certainty evidence). However, hospitalized patients under tocilizumab plus standard care treatment seemed to present a significantly lower risk of needing mechanical ventilation (risk ratio = 0.78; 95% CI 0.64−0.94 moderate-certainty of evidence). CONCLUSIONS: To date, the best evidence available shows no difference between using tocilizumab plus standard care compared to standard care alone for reducing mortality in patients with COVID-19. However, as a finding with a practical implication, the use of tocilizumab in association to standard care probably reduces the risk of progressing to mechanical ventilation in those patients. REGISTRATION: osf.io/qe4fs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0170.r1.01072022

Genome of a husavirus from Southern Brazil
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Demoliner, Meriane

; Filippi, Micheli

; Gularte, Juliana Schons

; Silva, Mariana Soares da

; Almeida, Paula Rodrigues de

; Pereira, Vyctoria Malayhka de Abreu Góes

; Heldt, Fágner Henrique

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2023, Volume 65 elocation e5

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT New viruses of the Picornavirales order have been discovered with the increase in the number of sequences obtained by high-throughput sequencing, as well as human stool-associated RNA virus (husavirus [HuV]), found in human stool samples. However, there is much to be clarified about HuV. Its cellular host, evolutionary history, and other biological characteristics are still unknown. Therefore, samples collected from human beings and environmental samples in a watershed in Southern Brazil were processed for the metagenomic library. Upon metagenomic analysis, we identified a HuV (husavirus LMM_67754 OP019707) genome with 8,846 bp, which was reported for the first time in Southern Brazil. The new genome presents only 37% of nucleotide identity with Brazilian strains and more than 90% with genomes from China, Vietnam, Venezuela, and the Netherlands. The HuV phylogeny presents significant differences among genomes, probably because multiple introductions of the virus may have occurred. Many questions still need to be answered about HuV. Therefore, more sequences and studies on this virus are necessary to improve the comprehension of the unknown origin of Picornavirales.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202365005

PREVALENCE OF POSTURAL CHANGES IN SCHOOL CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
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RESENDE, BRUNO BOARI DE

; ALMEIDA, PAULA SILVA

; SILVA, MARCELO AUGUSTO

; SANTOS, PATRÍCIA SAMARA

; ÁVILA, MARCOS VINÍCIUS DE

; GUIMARÃES, ANDRÉA CARMEN

; DAMÁZIO, LAILA CRISTINA MOREIRA

; SALDANHA, PAULO CHAVES

Acta Ortopédica Brasileira

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2023, Volume 31 N. spe2 elocation e262255

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective Investigate the prevalence of postural changes and correlate them with body weight and the weight of schoolchildren’s backpacks in a school in the city of São João del-Rei-MG. Material and Methods The study is an original type, with a cross-sectional design, where 109 schoolchildren of both sexes and mean age of 13 years were evaluated. The New York scale was used for posture analysis, measuring body weight, height, backpack weight, and Body Mass Index (BMI). The ANOVA statistical test and Pearson’s correlation test were used, considering a significance level of 0.05. Results According to the results, the general average of the scores of postural problems was 68.7 points, with a predominance in the head, spine, hips, trunk, and abdomen. The regions of shoulder, feet, and neck presented mean scores below seven. The mean height was 1.61 m, body weight 56.03 kg, backpack weight 4.49 kg and BMI was 21.51 kg/m. Conclusion Postural alterations are highly prevalent among the evaluated students. The most affected body segments are the head, spine, hips, trunk, and abdomen. However, this finding was not related to the weight of the backpacks or the students’ body weight. However, different parameters must be used to analyze the factors that may be related to such findings, such as ergonomic changes, inadequate habits, growth spurt, among others. Evidence Level III,Cross-sectional Observational Study.

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a prevalência de alterações posturais e correlacionar com o peso corporal e o peso das mochilas dos escolares em uma escola no município de São João del-Rei-MG. Métodos O estudo é do tipo original, com delineamento transversal onde foram avaliados 109 escolares, com média de idade de 13 anos, de ambos os sexos. A escala de Nova Iorque foi utilizada para análise de postura, medição do peso corporal, altura, peso da mochila e Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Foi utilizado o teste estatístico ANOVA e o teste de correlação de Pearson, considerando o nível de significância de 0,05. Resultados De acordo com os resultados, a média geral dos escores dos problemas posturais foi de 68,7 pontos, com predomínio na região da cabeça, coluna, nos quadris, no tronco, e no abdômen. As regiões dos ombros, pés e pescoço apresentaram médias de escores menores que 7. A média da altura foi de 1,61m, do peso corporal de 56,03kg, do peso das mochilas de 4,49 kg e 21,51 kg/m do IMC. Conclusão Conclui-se que existe uma alta prevalência de alterações posturais entre os escolares avaliados. Sendo que, os segmentos corporais mais comprometidos são, a cabeça, a coluna vertebral, os quadris, o tronco e o abdômen. No entanto, esse achado não foi relacionado ao peso das mochilas ou ao peso corporal dos escolares. Assim, diferentes parâmetros devem ser utilizados para analisar os fatores que podem estar relacionados a tais achados, como alterações ergonômicas, hábitos inadequados, estirão de crescimento, entre outros. Nível de Evidência III, Estudo Transversal Observacional.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-785220233102e262255

Chikungunya virus infection in the southernmost state of Brazil was characterised by self-limited transmission (2017-2019) and a larger 2021 outbreak
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Gregianini, Tatiana Schäffer

; Salvato, Richard Steiner

; Barcellos, Regina Bones

; Godinho, Fernanda Marques

; Ruivo, Amanda Pellenz

; de Melo, Viviane Horn

; Schroder, Júlio Augusto

; Martiny, Fernanda Letícia

; Möllmann, Erica Bortoli

; Favreto, Cátia

; Baethgen, Ludmila Fiorenzano

; Ferreira, Vithoria Pompermaier

; de Lima, Lívia Eidt

; Piazza, Cláudia Fasolo

; Machado, Taís Raquel Marcon

; Becker, Irina Marieta

; Ramos, Raquel Rocha

; Frölich, Guilherme Carey

; Rossetti, Alana Fraga

; Almeida, Lucas da Cunha

; Rodrigues, Tahiana Machado Antunes

; Bragança, Isabella Tabelli

; Campos, Aline Alves Scarpellini

; Manzoni, Verônica Baú

; Machado, Lais Ceschini

; da Silva, Luisa Maria Inácio

; de Oliveira, André Luiz Sá

; Paiva, Marcelo Henrique Santos

; Nunes, Zenaida Marion Alves

; de Almeida, Paula Rodrigues

; Demoliner, Meriane

; Gularte, Juliana Schons

; da Silva, Mariana Soares

; Filippi, Micheli

; Pereira, Vyctoria Malayhka de Abreu Góes

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

; da Veiga, Ana Beatriz Gorini

; Wallau, Gabriel Luz

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2023, Volume 118 elocation e220259

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne virus that has been causing large outbreaks in the Americas since 2014. In Brazil, Asian-Caribbean (AC) and East-Central-South-African (ECSA) genotypes have been detected and lead to large outbreaks in several Brazilian states. In Rio Grande do Sul (RS), the southernmost state of Brazil, the first cases were reported in 2016. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS We employed genome sequencing and epidemiological investigation to characterise the Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) burden in RS between 2017-2021. FINDINGS We detected an increasing CHIKF burden linked to travel associated introductions and communitary transmission of distinct lineages of the ECSA genotype during this period. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Until 2020, CHIKV introductions were most travel associated and transmission was limited. Then, in 2021, the largest outbreak occurred in the state associated with the introduction of a new ECSA lineage. CHIKV outbreaks are likely to occur in the near future due to abundant competent vectors and a susceptible population, exposing more than 11 million inhabitants to an increasing infection risk.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220259

Opening the World Court to State and Non-State Actors in Contentious Cases: Reality or Utopia?
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Almeida, Paula Wojcikiewicz

; Romay, Giulia Tavares

Revista Direito GV

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2023, Volume 19 elocation e2333

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Over the last decades, the participation of State and non-State actors in law-making has become one of the basic features of international law. Considering the International Court of Justice (ICJ) as a focus, this analysis will discuss the potential and limits of Non-State Actors (NSA)’s participation, as ‘friends of the Court,’ in contentious proceedings. The ICJ Statute and Rules of Court contain no provision on amicus curiae participation in contentious cases. The lack of an express mention does not indicate, however, that this practice would be proscribed by the Court. This research applies an empirical methodology for mapping the ICJ’s practices concerning forms of submitting relevant information to the Court in contentious proceedings. Broadening the possibilities for participation would imply the recognition of the plurilateral nature of international disputes, notably when global public goods are at stake. If the goal is to ‘introduce public interest considerations’, then the ‘friends of the Court’ could also contribute to upholding rules aimed at protecting the international community’s fundamental values and, ultimately, strengthening the democratic legitimation of judicial decisions.

Resumo Nas últimas décadas, a participação de membros da sociedade internacional em processos de tomada de decisões tornou-se uma característica elementar do direito internacional. Concentrando-se na Corte Internacional de Justiça, a presente análise pretende discutir o potencial e os limites da participação de atores não estatais como “amigos da Corte’ em procedimentos contenciosos. O Estatuto e o Regulamento da Corte não contêm previsão admitindo a participação de amicus curiae em casos contenciosos. A ausência de uma menção expressa, no entanto, não indica que a referida prática estaria proibida pela Corte. Essa pesquisa aplica metodologia empírica para mapear a prática da Corte Internacional de Justiça quanto a formas de submissão de informação relevante via amicus curiae em casos contenciosos. Ampliar as possibilidades para participação significaria reconhecer a natureza plurilateral das disputas internacionais, especialmente quando dizem respeito a bens públicos globais. Com o objetivo de “introduzir considerações de interesse público”, os “amigos da corte” poderiam contribuir para a preservação das regras de proteção dos valores fundamentais da comunidade internacional e, assim, fortalecer a legitimidade democrática das decisões judiciais.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-6172202333

Shoulder Arthroscopy - Creating an Affordable Training Model
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Dau, Leonardo

; Almeida, Paula Adamo

; Milcent, Paul André Alain

; Rosa, Fernando Martins

; Kulcheski, Alynson Larocca

; Stieven Filho, Edmar

Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia

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aug 2022, Volume 57 N. 4 Pages 702 - 708

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O objetivo do presente trabalho é criar um modelo de treinamento em artroscopia de ombro de baixo custo abaixo de 100 dólares, tornando-o acessível à capacitação prática de estudantes de medicina e residentes. O modelo foi criado utilizando um cano de PVC de 150 mm de diâmetro em 90 graus e um modelo de ombro sintético. O posicionamento das peças foi disposto de forma a simular a posição de decúbito lateral com membro superior em tração, frequente nas artroscopias. Para auxiliar no treinamento, foram demarcados pontos coloridos na glenóide e foi confeccionado um modelo de parte do manguito rotador na porção superior da escápula. Foi possível confeccionar um modelo para treinamento de artroscopia do ombro com um valor abaixo de 100 dólares, de fácil manufatura, que pode ser um auxiliar no treinamento de cirurgiões.

Abstract The present study created a cheap (below US$ 100) shoulder arthroscopy training model, affordable for the practical education of medical students and residents. The model was created using a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) knee joint pipe (150 mm in diameter and 90 degrees in inclination) and a synthetic shoulder model. The parts were arranged to simulate a lateral recumbency with the upper limb in traction, which is the frequent positioning during arthroscopies. Colored dots on the glenoid and a partial rotator cuff model on the upper portion of the scapula were placed to assist training. This inexpensive, easy-to-make model for shoulder arthroscopy can aid surgical training.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1722577

Os desafios do sistema de governança da saúde global na pandemia de COVID-19: Limitações atuais e possibilidades de reforma
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Almeida, Paula Wojcikiewicz

; Romay, Giulia Tavares

; Oliveira, Mariana Gouvea de

Revista Direito e Práxis

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jul 2022, Volume 13 N. 3 Pages 1613 - 1652

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A pandemia de COVID-19 despertou reflexões latentes acerca das capacidades normativas e institucionais da OMS para responder a pandemias, instigando a comunidade internacional a repensar alternativas para que a crise não se repita. Com esse intuito, o presente artigo elenca sugestões para aproveitar mecanismos já existentes no sistema de governança da saúde global, assim como novas propostas advindas de uma reforma normativa e institucional da OMS.

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has awakened latent reflections on the WHO's normative and institutional capacities to respond to pandemics, prompting the international community to rethink alternatives to prevent the reoccurrence of a similar crisis. To this end, this article enumerates suggestions to improve existing mechanisms in the global health governance system, as well as new proposals resulting from a normative and institutional reform of the WHO.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8966/2021/56519

RISK FACTORS FOR REOPERATION, MORBIDITY, AND MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH SMALL BOWEL OBSTRUCTION SUBMITTED TO SURGICAL TREATMENT
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FIGUEROA-GIRALT, Manuel

; TORREALBA, Andrés

; GONZALEZ, Tomás

; ALMEIDA, Paula

; BRAGHETTO, Italo

; CSENDES, Attila

ABCD. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo)

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2022, Volume 35 elocation e1654

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO - RACIONAL: A obstrução do intestino delgado (OID) é uma causa frequente de admissões ao Serviço de Emergência. OBJETIVO: Determinar os fatores de risco de reoperações, eventos adversos pós-operatórios e mortalidade operatória (MO) em pacientes com OID tratados cirurgicamente. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo entre 2014 e 2017. Critérios de exclusão: obstrução da saída do estômago, obstrução do intestino grosso e história clínica incompleta. O STATA 14 foi utilizado para análise estatística, considerando significância estatística p<0,05 com IC de 95%. RESULTADOS: Duzentos e dezoito pacientes foram incluídos, 61,9% mulheres, 88,5% dos pacientes tinham cirurgia abdominal anterior. A ressecção intestinal foi necessária em 28,4% dos pacientes. O evento adverso pós-operatório (EAPO) esteve presente em 28,4%, a reoperação foi necessária em 9,2% dos casos e a mortalidade cirúrgica em 90 dias foi de 5,9%. A análise multivariada determinou que a ressecção intestinal, > 3 dias em UTI, > 7 dias com sonda nasogástrica (SNG), dor após o 3º dia de pós-operatório, EAPO cirúrgico foram fatores de risco para reoperações, enquanto idade, proteína C reativa, ressecção intestinal, > 3 dias em UTI, > 7 dias com SNG foram fatores de risco para EAPO. A MO foi determinada em > 5 dias com SNG e EAPO. CONCLUSÕES: A evolução pós-operatória é determinada principalmente pela idade do paciente, nível pré-operatório de proteína C reativa, necessidade de ressecção intestinal, variáveis clínicas pós-operatórias e presença de EAPO.

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a frequent cause of emergency department admissions. AIM: This study aimed to determine risk factors of reoperations, postoperative adverse event, and operative mortality (OM) in patients surgically treated for SBO. METHODS: This is a retrospective study conducted between 2014 and 2017. Exclusion criteria include gastric outlet obstruction, large bowel obstruction, and incomplete clinical record. STATA version 14 was used for statistical analysis, with p-value <0.05 with 95% confidence interval considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 218 patients were included, in which 61.9% were women. Notably, 88.5% of patients had previous abdominal surgery. Intestinal resection was needed in 28.4% of patients. Postoperative adverse event was present in 28.4%, reoperation was needed in 9.2% of cases, and a 90-day surgical mortality was 5.9%. Multivariate analysis determined that intestinal resection, >3 days in intensive care unit (ICU), >7 days with nasogastric tube (NGT), pain after postoperative day 3, POAE, and surgical POAE were the risk factors for reoperations, while age, C-reactive protein, intestinal resection, >3 days in ICU, and >7 days with NGT were the risk factors for POAE. OM was determined by >5 days with NGT and POAE. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative course is determined mainly for patient’s age, preoperative level of C-reactive protein, necessity of intestinal resection, clinical postoperative variables, and the presence of POAE.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-672020210002e1654

10.

Co-occurrence patterns between false coral snake Atractus latifrons (Günther, 1868) (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) and venomous coral snakes from the Amazon
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ALMEIDA, PAULA CAROLINA R. DE

; FEITOSA, DARLAN T.

; TERRIBILE, LEVI CARINA

; FREITAS-OLIVEIRA, RONIEL

; PRUDENTE, ANA LÚCIA C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 elocation e20210991

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Batesian mimicry may result in remarkable cases of phenotypic convergence that represent classic examples of evolution through natural selection. The existence of mimicry systems among coral snakes, however, remains controversial because of contradictions between the predictions of mimetic theory and the empirical patterns of co-occurrence and species abundance. Here, we analyze the geographic distribution of coral snake species of the genus Micrurus and populations of the false coral snake Atractus latifrons in Amazonia, and perform ecological niche modeling (ENM) analyzes to generate potential geographic distributions of species of Micrurus and A. latifrons, identify patterns of co-occurrence and assess whether the distribution of A. latifrons coincides with the distribution of Micrurus species, which could suggest the existence of a possible mimetic relationship between the species. We identified six Micrurus species that may represent mimetic models for A. latifrons. The results of the co-occurrence analysis corroborates the results from ENM, indicating that chromatic patterns of A. latifrons and their respective model species are aggregated. Our study suggests that all color patterns of A. latifrons – including the tricolor monads, and the more common tricolor dyads and tricolor tetrads – may benefit from the resemblance with other Micrurus species as perfect and imperfect mimics.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220210991

11.

Effectiveness and safety of tocilizumab for COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
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Almeida, Paula Ribeiro Lopes

; Person, Osmar Clayton

; Puga, Maria Eduarda dos Santos

; Giusti, Maria Fernanda

; Pinto, Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes

; Rocha, Aline Pereira

; Atallah, Álvaro Nagib

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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2022, N. ahead

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0170.r1.01072022

12.

Universidades populares: França (XIX) e Portugal (XX)
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Almeida, Paula Josiane

; Corrêa, Rosa Lydia Teixeira

Revista Brasileira de História da Educação

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2022, Volume 22 elocation e200

Abstract: Discussing the origin of popular universities in France in the nineteenth century and Portugal in the twentieth is the purpose of this article. The idea of training for workers gained proportion after the French Revolution (1789), specifically, after Condorcet's Public Instruction project and the developments of the Paris Commune (1871). However, as a space of their own, universities were created in 1896 with George Deherme and with the Bolsas de Trabalho, by Fernand Peloutier. Based on these notes, the work focuses on understanding the origin of these institutions, their expansion in France and their influence in Portuguese lands. This research is historical in nature, based on Cultural History and seeks to demonstrate the emergence of Popular Universities, identifying how they were idealized, constituted and represented.

Resumen: Discutir el origen de las universidades populares en Francia en el siglo XIX y Portugal en el XX es el propósito de este artículo. La idea de la formación de los trabajadores ganó proporción después de la Revolución Francesa (1789), específicamente, después del proyecto de Instrucción Pública de Condorcet y los desarrollos de la Comuna de París (1871). Sin embargo, como espacio propio, las universidades se crearon en 1896 con George Deherme y con las Bolsas de Trabalho, de Fernand Peloutier. A partir de estas notas, el trabajo se centra en comprender el origen de estas instituciones, su expansión en Francia y su influencia en tierras portuguesas. Esta investigación es de carácter histórico, basada en la Historia Cultural y busca demostrar el surgimiento de las universidades populares, identificando cómo fueron idealizadas, constituidas y representadas.

Résumé: Cet article se penche sur l’origine des universités populaires en France au XIXe siècle et au Portugal au XXe. L’idée d’une formation pour les ouvriers a gagné du terrain après la Révolution française (1789) et, plus particulièrement, après le projet d’instruction publique de Condorcet et les événements de la Commune de Paris (1871). Mais en tant qu’espaces, les universités sont nées en 1896 avec Georges Deherme ainsi qu’avec les bourses du travail et Fernand Pelloutier. L’objectif est de montrer leur développement en France et leur influence sur les terres portugaises. La présente recherche est de nature historique, elle s’appuie sur l’histoire culturelle pour identifier la conception, la constitution et la représentation des universités populaires.

Resumo: Discorrer sobre a origem das universidades populares na França do século XIX e em Portugal no XX é a proposta deste artigo. A ideia de uma formação para os operários ganhou proporção após a Revolução Francesa (1789), especificamente, após o projeto de Instrução Pública de Condorcet e os desdobramentos da Comuna de Paris (1871). Porém, enquanto espaço próprio, as universidades surgem a partir de 1896 com George Deherme e com as Bolsas de Trabalho, por Fernand Peloutier. Com base nesses apontamentos o trabalho se debruça para a compreensão da origem dessas instituições, sua expansão na França e influência em terras portuguesas. Esta pesquisa é de natureza histórica, fundamentada na História Cultural e busca demonstrar o surgimento das universidades populares, identificando a forma como elas foram idealizadas, constituídas e representadas.

https://doi.org/10.4025/rbhe.v22.2022.e200

13.

[SciELO Preprints] - Governmental non-drug strategies for COVID-19 - Scoping review
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Clayton Person, Osmar Almeida, Paula Ribeiro Lopes Puga, Maria Eduarda dos Santos Atallah, Álvaro Nagib

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Publication date: 2021-05-25

Abstract: En Pt

Background and objectives: The new coronavirus pandemic has so far caused around 3 million deaths worldwide and significant changes in the population's routine. Social distancing, the use of masks and general restrictions are advocated by governments as mandatory non-drug primary strategies, which must be incorporated into society for a long time. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of governmental non-drug strategies for COVID-19. Study design: This is a scoping review. Methodology: Search for studies at Medline / PUBMED, at the Cochrane Library and at EMBASE. DECS descriptors were used and there were no geographical and temporal restrictions on publications. The inclusion criteria involved human studies covering exposure to governmental non-drug strategies, with social distance, the use of masks and lockdown being a priority. Results: The search strategy retrieved 365 citations and, of these, 9 studies were included in this review. Discussion: Most studies involve observational studies and suggest that social distance, lockdown and the use of facial masks can reduce the incidence of new cases of COVID-19. Conclusion: The strategies of physical distance, lockdown and the use of facial masks had a beneficial result in most of the studies analyzed, contributing to the reduction of new cases of COVID-19.

Contextualização e objetivos: A pandemia do novo coronavírus causou até o momento cerca de 3 milhões de mortes no mundo e mudanças significativas na rotina da população. O distanciamento social, o uso de máscaras e as restrições gerais são preconizadas pelos governos como estratégias primárias obrigatórias não medicamentosas, que devem ser incorporadas à sociedade por muito tempo. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia das estratégias governamentais não medicamentosas para COVID-19. Desenho de estudo: Trata-se de scoping review. Metodologia: Procedeu-se à busca por estudos no Medline/PUBMED, na Cochrane Library e na EMBASE. Foram utilizados descritores do DECS e não houve restrição geográfica e temporal das publicações. Os critérios de inclusão envolveram estudos em humanos abrangendo a exposição às estratégias governamentais não medicamentosas, sendo prioridade o distanciamento social, o uso de máscaras e o lockdown. Resultados: A estratégia de busca recuperou 365 citações e, destas, 9 estudos foram incluídos nessa revisão. Discussão: A maioria dos estudos envolve estudos observacionais e sugerem que o distanciamento social, o lockdown e o uso de máscaras faciais podem reduzir a incidência de novos casos de COVID-19. Conclusão: As estratégias de distanciamento físico, de lockdown e o uso de máscaras faciais apresentaram resultado benéfico na maioria dos estudos analisados, contribuindo para a redução de novos casos de COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.2355

14.

Rabdomiólisis como presentación inicial de COVID-19. Caso Clínico
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Toro, Luis

; Zamorano, Pedro

; Frías, Alondra

; Parra-Lucares, Alfredo

; Silva, María Fernanda

; Almeida, Paula

; Bozán, María Francisca

; Sanhueza, María Eugenia

; Torres, Rubén

Revista médica de Chile

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may 2021, Volume 149 N. 5 Pages 796 - 802

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

COVID-19 infection causes a systemic inflammatory response, which mainly presents as a febrile syndrome with respiratory involvement. We report a 37-year-old male who consulted for myalgia, nausea and epigastric pain lasting three days. On admission, he had crepitations at the lung bases. The initial laboratory showed a creatine kinase of 62,768 U/L, a LDH of 1,110 IU/L, a creatinine a 2.1 mg/dL, an aspartate aminotransferase of 1,347 IU/L, a D-dimer of 1,140 ng/mL, a ferritin of 1,201 ng/mL and a lymphocyte count of 810 cells/mm3. The chest CT scan was compatible with multifocal pneumonia, suggesting a COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 PCR was positive. The patient was managed with hydration, sodium bicarbonate, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin, with a good clinical response.

https://doi.org/10.4067/s0034-98872021000500796 388 downloads

15.

SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: A perspective from environmental virology
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Demoliner, Meriane

; Gularte, Juliana Schons

; Girardi, Viviane

; Almeida, Paula Rodrigues de

; Weber, Matheus Nunes

; Eisen, Ana Karolina Antunes

; Fleck, Juliane Deise

; Spilki, Fernando Rosado

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volume 44 N. 1 elocation e20200228

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract December 2019 marked the beginning of the current Coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19). Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the causative agent of a viral pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The alarming spread levels and clinical severity elevated the status of COVID-19 to the global pandemic by the World Health Organization. In 6 months, more than 25 million cases of infected people and more than 890,000 deaths by COVID-19 had been reported worldwide. The main goal of this review is to shed light upon the current COVID-19 epidemic situation in Brazil with a health approach highlighting some unique environmental, animal and epidemiological aspects.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0228 1077 downloads

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